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March 30, 18:52

Active Record vs Data Mapper in Rails

Florian writes after reading about how the Active Record implementation in Rails works:

i dont see how active record is not marrying your bussiness objects with the orm solution. quite frankly i think its even worse with active record, because you marry each indidual business object to active record, since each one inherits from ActiveRecord::Base.

Perhaps I wasn't clear. I willingly pay the price of marrying my business objects to the ActiveRecord::Base to get a much more natural API in return. No, I can't swap persistance implementations. That's the cost.

In my opinion, however, that's a much smaller price than most people think. I'm not trying to create business objects that can be used in with other persistance methods or otherwise be reused out of the Active Record context.

I am much more interested in decreasing the amount of effort it takes to build a database-backed domain model. ActiveRecords are much simpler, and hence much faster, to both develop and use than data mapper approaches.

This is one of the original advantages of the Active Record pattern as described by Martin Fowler.

Now what my ActiveRecord implementation does is to enlarge the applicability of the original pattern by simulating traditional OO techniques, such as collections and inheritance, with constructs that are compatible with relational databases.

No, you don't get the full offer of opportunities that straight OO with a data mapper holds. I'd like to think, though, that Active Record gives you 80% of the features for 20% of the effort.


Challenge by John on March 31, 0:10

So when are we going to be able to get our hands on Rails? Everyone seems to be talking about it but nobody seems to be able to get there hands on it :-).

Challenge by David Heinemeier Hansson on March 31, 0:28

The Active Record package is currently being polished for release. Thanks to the help from a small group of beta testers, we've added a few very nice features (many-to-many relations being the latest), and ensured that the API is solid.

It won't be long now :).

The biggest hurdle is documentation, which needs to be reviewed and extended. An open source infrastructure project is worth little more than its documentation in my opinion, so releasing something half-baked would sell the package short.

Action Controller and Template View are more stable, but they too need more examples, some tutorial fun, and a bit of documentation.

I will make good on my promise to tape the implementation of a sample app shortly to show what Rails is all about.

Challenge by gabriele on March 31, 12:23

I just wonder why you choose to build ActiveRecord as a Class to inherit instead that as a module to mix-in.

It seem to me that having ActiveRecord::Base as a Module would make life easyer for third party users.

I wonder if there is an inherent need for this in the ActiveRecord pattern or if it's just an inheritance of other languages/systems where mix-ins are not possible.

It's worth noting that there is at least one ( proof of concept) pseudo-ORM on RAA, named SPL, that works in a mix-in fashion.

Challenge by David Heinemeier Hansson on March 31, 12:33

There is a need. Unlike the data mapper pattern, active records aren't oblivious of the ORM-solution. They simply don't make sense without it.

For example, all attributes on the active records are controlled from the database. So, if you have a customer class that has a name and an address, this information only resides in the database. Also, all the lifecycle hooks, like before_create and after_find, are explicitly overwritten with active records.

I think modules are wonderful things for adding transparent behavior. I use them a lot in the internal structure of all packages in Rails, but they just doesn't make sense when the entire class is explicitly dependent on the functionality provided.

Challenge by gabriele on March 31, 13:11

I see, that makes much sense thank you for the quick answer

Challenge by John on March 31, 16:40

I definetly have to agree with you about the documentation. I look forward to getting my hands on everything once you are done.

Have you considered starting a mailing list for Rails to keep people notified?

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